BEIRUT (AP) 鈥� Thousands of people fled the central Syrian city of Homs, the country鈥檚 third largest, as insurgents seized two towns on the outskirts Friday, positioning themselves for an assault on a potentially major prize in their march against President Bashar Assad.
The move, reported by pro-government media and an opposition war monitor, was the latest in the stunning advances by opposition fighters over the past week that have so far met little resistance from Assad鈥檚 forces. A day earlier, fighters , Syria鈥檚 fourth largest, after the army said it withdrew to avoid fighting inside the city and spare the lives of civilians.
The insurgents, led by the jihadi Hayat Tahrir al-Sham group, or HTS, have vowed to march to Homs and the capital, Damascus, Assad鈥檚 seat of power. Videos circulating online showed a highway jammed with cars full of people fleeing Homs, a city with a large population belonging to Assad鈥檚 Alawite sect, seen as his core supporters.
If Assad鈥檚 military loses Homs, it could be a crippling blow. The city, parts of which were controlled by insurgents until 2014, stands at an important intersection between Damascus and Syria鈥檚 coastal provinces of Latakia and Tartus, where Assad enjoys wide support. Homs province is Syria鈥檚 largest in size and borders Lebanon, Iraq and Jordan. The city is also home to one of Syria鈥檚 two state-run oil refineries.
Pressure on the government intensified from multiple directions.
Opposition protesters stormed security posts and army positions in the southern province of Sweida, opposition activists said. U.S.-backed Kurdish forces who control eastern and northeastern Syria began to encroach on government-held territory.
Offensive leaves Assad reliant on Russia
After years of largely being bottled up in a northwest corner of the country, the insurgents burst out a week ago, , and have kept advancing since. Government troops have repeatedly fallen back.
The sudden offensive has flipped the tables on a long-entrenched stalemate in Syria鈥檚 nearly 14-year-old civil war. Along with HTS, the fighters include forces of an umbrella group of Turkish-backed Syrian militias called the Syrian National Army. , though experts say insurgents would not have launched it without the country's consent.
HTS鈥檚 leader, Abu Mohammad al-Golani, told CNN in an exclusive interview Thursday from Syria that Assad鈥檚 government was on the path to falling, propped up only by Russia and Iran.
鈥淭he seeds of the regime鈥檚 defeat have always been within it,鈥� he said. 鈥淏ut the truth remains, this regime is dead.鈥�
A key question about Assad鈥檚 ability to fight back is how much top ally Russia 鈥� whose troops back Assad鈥檚 forces 鈥� will throw support his way at a time when it is tied up in the war in Ukraine.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said he planned to discuss the developments in Syria with his Turkish and Iranian counterparts at a meeting Friday in the Qatari capital, Doha.
In an interview with former Fox News host Tucker Carlson, he said international actors were backing the insurgents鈥� advances and that he would discuss 鈥渢he way to cut the channels of financing and arming them.鈥�
Meanwhile, Russia鈥檚 embassy in Syria issued a notice reminding Russian citizens that they may use commercial flights to leave the country 鈥渋n view of the difficult military-political situation.鈥�
The foreign ministers of Iran, Iraq and Syria 鈥� three close allies 鈥� gathered Friday in Baghdad to consult on the rapidly changing war. Syrian Foreign Minister Bassam Sabbagh said the current developments may pose 鈥渁 serious threat to the security of the region as a whole.鈥�
Assad opponents move in center, south and east
The insurgent fighters on Friday took over the central towns of Rastan and Talbiseh, putting them 5 kilometers (3 miles) from Homs, according to the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, an opposition war monitor.
鈥淭he battle of Homs is the mother of all battles and will decide who will rule Syria,鈥� said Rami Abdurrahman, the Observatory鈥檚 chief.
Pro-government Sham FM said the insurgents entered Rastan and Talbiseh without facing any resistance. There was no immediate comment from the Syrian military.
The Observatory said Syrian troops had left Homs. But the military denied that in comments reported by the state news agency SANA, saying troops were reinforcing their positions in the city and were 鈥渞eady to repel鈥� any assault.
In eastern Syria, the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces coalition said it had moved into the government-held half of the city of Deir el-Zour, apparently without resistance. One of the main cities in the east, Deir el-Zour had long been split between the government on the western side of the Euphrates River and the SDF on the eastern side.
The SDF also said it took control of further parts of the border with Iraq. That appeared to bring it closer to the government-held Boukamal border crossing. The crossing is a vital for the government because it is the gateway to the corridor to Iran, a supply line for Iran-backed fighters, including Lebanon鈥檚 Hezbollah.
At the same time, insurgents seized Syria鈥檚 sole crossing to Jordan, according to opposition activists. Jordan announced it was closing its side of the crossing. Lebanon also closed all but one of its border crossings with Syria.
Worsening economy could hurt Assad鈥檚 war effort
The opposition assault has struck a blow to Syria鈥檚 already decrepit economy. On Friday, the U.S. dollar was selling on Syria鈥檚 parallel market for about 18,000 pounds, a 25% drop from a week ago. When Syria鈥檚 conflict erupted in March 2011, a dollar was valued at 47 pounds.
The drop further undermines the purchasing power of Syrians at a time when that 90% of the population is below the poverty line.
Syria鈥檚 economy has been hammered for years by the war, Western sanctions, corruption and an economic meltdown in neighboring Lebanon, Syria鈥檚 main gate to the outside world.
Damascus residents told The Associated Press that people are rushing to markets to buy food, fearing further escalation.
The worsening economy could be undermining the ability of Syria鈥檚 military to fight, as the value of soldiers鈥� salaries melts away while the insurgents are flush with cash.
Syria鈥檚 military has not appeared to put up a cohesive counteroffensive against the opposition advances. SANA on Friday quoted an unnamed military official as saying the Syrian and Russian air forces were striking insurgents in Hama province, killing dozens of fighters.
Syria鈥檚 defense minister said in a televised statement late Thursday that government forces withdrew from Hama as 鈥渁 temporary tactical measure鈥� and vowed to gain back lost areas.
鈥淲e are in a good position on the ground,鈥� Gen. Ali Mahmoud Abbas said, saying troops remained 鈥渁t the gates of Hama.鈥� He spoke before the opposition advanced further south toward Homs.
He said the insurgents, whom he described as 鈥渢akfiri鈥� or Muslim extremists, are backed by foreign countries. He did not name the countries but appeared to be referring to Turkey and the United States.
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Associated Press writers Albert Aji in Damascus, Syria, and Suzan Fraser in Ankara, Turkey, contributed to this report.
Bassem Mroue, The Associated Press
