Today in History for Oct. 9:
On this date:
In 1668, Canada's first institution of higher education, The Quebec Seminary, later called Laval University, was founded by Bishop Francois de Laval.
In 1811, Sir Isaac Brock became president and administrator of the government of Upper Canada.
In 1820, a proclamation rejoining Cape Breton to Nova Scotia was issued. Cape Breton became part of the colony of Nova Scotia in 1763 but it remained largely undeveloped until 1784, when it became a separate colony for Loyalist refugees. Successive waves of Scottish immigrants and the return of Acadians were followed by the reuniting of the two colonies.
In 1845, the co-founder of the Oxford Movement in England, churchman John Henry Newman, made his celebrated conversion from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism. From 1845-1862, nearly 250 other English clergy followed Newman into the Roman Catholic faith.
In 1867, Russia formally handed over Alaska to the United States.
In 1874, the Northwest Mounted Police arrived at Fort Whoop-Up in the Cypress Hills area straddling southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, bringing law and order to Canada's new western territories.
In 1875, the Universal Postal Union was founded at Berne, Switzerland.
In 1877, the first steam locomotive on the Prairies, the "Countess of Dufferin," arrived in Winnipeg by barge down the Red River.
In 1890, flamboyant evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson was born in Ingersoll, Ont. Raised by strict parents, the former Aimee Kennedy was married three times and had two children. She toured Canada, the United States, Britain and Australia and, with her highly dramatic presence on the pulpit, became one of the most publicized religious revivalists in the world. She died of an accidental drug overdose in 1944.
In 1919, the Cincinnati Reds won the World Series, 5 games to 3, defeating the Chicago White Sox 10-5 at Comiskey Park. (The victory turned hollow amid charges eight of the White Sox had thrown the Series in what became known as the "Black Sox" scandal.)
In 1930, Laura Ingalls became the first woman to fly across the United States as she completed a nine-stop journey from Roosevelt Field, N.Y., to Glendale, Calif.
In 1934, Yugoslavia's King Alexander was assassinated in Marseilles, France.
In 1938, the St. Clair River bridge from Point Edward, Ont., to Port Huron, Mich., was dedicated.
In 1940, Sir Wilfred Grenfell, a medical missionary in Labrador and Newfoundland, died at his retirement home on Lake Champlain.
In 1940, compulsory military training began for 29,750 91原创s.
In 1950, U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur ordered the invasion of North Korea.
In 1953, Ottawa announced the establishment of Canada's first peacetime army division -- the 1st 91原创 Division.
In 1958, Pope Pius XII died, 19 years after he was elevated to the papacy in 1939 near the start of the Second World War. His leadership of the Roman Catholic Church during the war and the Holocaust remains the subject of continued historical controversy.
In 1963, Prime Minister Lester Pearson announced in the Commons that Canada had given the United States permission to store defensive nuclear warheads for jet interceptors at American bases in Newfoundland. The Opposition complained because Pearson would not make the agreement public for security reasons.
In 1967, Latin American guerrilla leader Che Guevara was executed while attempting to incite revolution in Bolivia.
In 1974, 91原创 Herve Fillion became the first North American harness driver to win 5,000 races.
In 1974, businessman Oskar Schindler, credited with saving about 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust, died in Frankfurt, West Germany. (At his request, he was buried in Jerusalem).
In 1975, Andrei Sakharov became the first Soviet citizen to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
In 1984, Toronto art student Peter Greyson was sentenced to 89 days in jail for pouring red ink on an original copy of the 1982 Constitution Act to protest the former Liberal government's decision to test cruise missiles in Canada.
In 1987, Clare Boothe Luce, writer of hit Broadway plays and a former U.S. ambassador to Italy, died at the age of 84.
In 1990, construction began on the Hibernia mega oil project off the coast of Newfoundland.
In 1990, Air Canada chairman Claude Taylor announced that the airline was laying off 2,900 employees from ramp handlers to customer service agents and pilots due to escalating oil prices and recession.
In 1997, in a major victory for the disabled, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that provinces must pay for sign language interpreters for the deaf when they receive medical treatment.
In 2000, Kenneth Dyer, a retired admiral who acted on his own and sent 91原创 warships to sea to help the United States during the Cuban missile crisis, died. He was 85.
In 2004, the first direct presidential election was held in Afghanistan. President Hamid Karzai was declared the winner on Nov. 3 after a final vote count.
In 2004, Prime Minister John Howard won a historic fourth term in Australia's election.
In 2006, North Korea set off its first nuclear test, becoming the eighth country in history to join the club of nuclear weapons states.
In 2007, Danny Williams and his Progressive Conservatives won a landslide victory in the Newfoundland and Labrador election.
In 2007, France's Albert Fert and German Peter Gruenberg won the Nobel Prize in physics for a discovery that lets computers, iPods and other digital devices store reams of data on ever-shrinking hard disks.
In 2008, Iceland's government took control of the country's three largest banks as it struggled to prevent a collapse in its entire banking system. The Prime Minister closed the stock market and said the country was on the verge of "national bankruptcy."
In 2009, former NHL star Theoren Fleury said he was sexually abused by his junior hockey coach, Graham James. James was jailed in 1997 after admitting to sexually abusing two players on his junior hockey team -- ex-NHL'er Sheldon Kennedy and another plaintiff who was not identified. Rumours swirled at that time the other victim was Fleury, but he refused to address the matter.
In 2009, former Norbourg CEO Vincent Lacroix, whom the judge described as the biggest fraudster in 91原创 history, was sentenced to 13 years in prison for defrauding thousands of small-time investors of an estimated $115 million.
In 2009, U.S. President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in a stunning decision designed to encourage his initiatives to reduce nuclear arms, ease tensions with the Muslim world and stress diplomacy and co-operation rather than unilateralism. Obama donated the $1.4 million prize to charity.
In 2011, the NHL returned to Winnipeg with its first official game in 15 years, and even losing 5-1 to Montreal didn't put a damper on the massive civic celebration. Nik Antropov scored the first goal for the reincarnated Jets at 2:27 of the third period.
In 2012, 68-year-old former Penn State assistant coach Jerry Sandusky was sentenced to at least 30 years in prison in the child sexual abuse scandal that brought shame to the university and led to coach Joe Paterno's downfall. Sandusky was found guilty in June of 45 counts of child sexual abuse, convicted of molesting 10 boys over a 15-year period.
In 2012, a Taliban gunman in Pakistan鈥檚 volatile Swat Valley shot and wounded 14-year-old activist Malala Yousafzai, known for championing the education of girls and publicizing atrocities committed by the Taliban.
In 2018, an explosion and fire shut down an Enbridge natural gas pipeline about 15 kilometres northeast of Prince George, B.C. The pipeline supplied most of the natural gas distributed to homes around the province by FortisBC, which warned of a reduced supply for months to come.
In 2018, American U.N. Ambassador Nikki Haley announced she was resigning after two years. She gave no reason and denied speculation that she would return to government or politics.
In 2019, John B. Goodenough was one of the three winners of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work leading to the development of lithium-ion batteries. At 97, the German-born engineering professor at the University of Texas was the oldest ever recipient of the prestigious award. The chemistry award also went to M. Stanley Whittingham, 77, a British-American chemistry professor at Binghamton University, the State University of New York; and Japan's Akira Yoshino, 71, of Asahi Kasei Corporation and Meijo University.
In 2019, Turkey launched an invasion of northeastern Syria after U.S. troops pulled back from the area, paving the way for Turkey's assault on Syrian Kurdish forces, who had long been allied with the U.S. Turkey said it would create a "safe zone" that would push Kurdish militia away from its border and eventually allow the repatriation of up to two-million Syrian refugees. The Turkish invasion was widely condemned around the world.
In 2020, the World Food Program won the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize for its efforts to combat hunger and food insecurity around the globe. The prize comes with a $1.1-million cash award and a gold medal.
In 2020, Michigan Democratic Gov. Gretchen Whitmer said U.S. President Donald Trump was partly responsible for two separate plots to kidnap her and overthrow the state government. Six men were charged in federal court with conspiring to kidnap Whitmer in reaction to what they viewed as her "uncontrolled power,'' while another seven face charges under Michigan's anti-terrorism laws for allegedly targeting police and seeking a civil war.
In 2020, Canada's leading public health official said the second wave of COVID-19 has surfaced as a series of regional epidemics. Dr. Theresa Tam said these will require a tailored response in addition to vigilance.
In 2020, Nunavut's housing minister was stripped of his cabinet portfolios because of a post on his Facebook page. Premier Joe Savikataaq said Patterk Netser's post about the Black Lives Matter movement and his criticisms of Black women for having abortions were unacceptable.
In 2022, Kanye West's Twitter and Instagram accounts were locked because of antisemitic posts. He had also recently been criticized for wearing a "White Lives Matter'' T-shirt to his collection at Paris Fashion Week.
In 2023, Israel's defence minister ordered a "complete siege" on Gaza, saying authorities would cut electricity and block the entry of food and fuel.
In 2023, Hollywood writers voted to approve a contract agreement reached by their union leaders, bringing a close to a strike that halted movie and TV production for nearly five months.
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The 91原创 Press