BOSTON (AP) 鈥� Massachusetts voters decide five ballot issues Tuesday, including giving like Uber and Lyft.
, eliminate the use of statewide tests as a high school graduation requirement and gradually increase the minimum hourly wage for workers who collect tips.
Allow Uber, Lyft drivers to unionize
Drivers for ride-hailing companies like Uber and Lyft are considered independent contractors who don't have the right to unionize under federal law.
The proposal would allow them to unionize in the state. Drivers wouldn't be required to participate. Individual companies could team up to form associations to represent their interests in negotiations.
As part of the measure, the state would have the right to approve negotiated contracts. The proposal would also create a hearing process when a company or union is charged with an unfair work practice.
Unions pushed for the change despite a by the state attorney general鈥檚 office guaranteeing Uber and Lyft drivers earn a minimum pay standard of $32.50 per hour.
Opponents said the measure will raise prices for riders without directly benefitting drivers. Critics also argued that the question would create what they call 鈥渁 new radical labor category鈥� that is inconsistent with federal labor laws and say the drivers already enjoy benefits including the higher hourly rate and paid sick and family medical leave.
Raise minimum wage for tipped workers
The proposal would gradually increase how much employers must pay workers who collect tips, like servers in restaurants.
The state鈥檚 wage for tipped workers is now $6.75 an hour, while for most other workers is $15. Now, if a worker doesn鈥檛 earn enough in tips to bring them up to $15 an hour, the employer must make up the difference.
Under the proposal, employers would have to pay tipped workers $9.60 on Jan. 1. By Jan. 1, 2029, employers would have to pay them the state鈥檚 full minimum wage.
Supporters argued tips should be a reward for good service, not a subsidy for low wages. Critics said the proposal would reduce overall wages for servers, increase costs for restaurants, raise the price of eating out and could force some neighborhood eateries to close.
Legalize psychedelics
The ballot issue would allow residents 21 and older in certain circumstances, making it the to legalize some mind-altering drugs that are considered illegal by the federal government.
The psychedelics would include two found in so-called 鈥渕agic mushrooms鈥� 鈥� psilocybin and psilocyn 鈥� and three from plants 鈥� mescaline, dimethyltryptamine, and ibogaine.
The measure would allow the substances to be purchased at approved locations for use under the supervision of a licensed facilitator. Although it would prohibit retail sale, it would let individuals grow psychedelics at home and share them.
The proposal would allow for the regulation and taxation of psychedelics and create a five-member commission to oversee the industry.
Critics warned it could lead to a black market. They also argued the centers would not be prevented from giving psychedelics to people considered high risk, like those with schizophrenia, bipolar illness or who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Drop tests as requirement for high school diploma
Massachusetts students must pass comprehensive tests to receive a high school diploma. The ballot issue wouldn鈥檛 get rid of the tests, but passing them would no longer be required for graduation.
The Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System tests are given in mathematics, science and technology and English.
Instead of passing the tests, students would be required to finish coursework certified by the local school district and achieve state academic standards in the subjects.
Teachers unions have been among the strongest critics of using the tests as a graduation requirement, saying that 鈥渢eaching to the test鈥� limits their ability to give students a fuller education.
Supporters of the tests argued that without the testing requirement, school districts will adopt lower standards so students can graduate. They said it鈥檚 unfair to grant diplomas to students who aren鈥檛 ready.
Allow audit of the Legislature
The proposal would give the state auditor the authority to audit the Massachusetts Legislature 鈥� a ballot question spearheaded by state Auditor Diana DiZoglio, who served in both the state House and Senate.
DiZoglio argued the Legislature is the only state entity refusing to be audited, ranks as one of the least transparent in the country and is one of a few that exempts itself from public records laws.
Critics said the question would violate the separation of powers outlined in the Massachusetts Constitution.
They also argued that the giving DiZoglio and her successors the power to audit the Legislature would turn them into 鈥減olitical actors鈥� with undue influence on the legislative process. Legislative leaders have called the proposed audit unnecessary.
Steve Leblanc, The Associated Press
